tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20440275800980092062024-03-13T01:30:05.576-07:00Industrial Engineering Lab (UTM)industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.comBlogger13125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-80782975619997341832011-02-08T22:22:00.000-08:002011-02-08T22:22:08.157-08:00Video: Experiment for Lux Meter<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwzAf3Pwiiq_j-kYIsX8duox22A6EJfSSh-8F5fWpCHbgm3D9X4dM7_4KHmDSMhHotV_Ol09N5iy0U_S-A9og' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-11683344363776770162011-02-08T22:17:00.000-08:002011-02-08T22:17:33.031-08:00Video: Experiment for Stop Watch Time Study<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyJ7j1kO6MHnsDx1F8Y819u6E_iyruKsRzpWEYnROaB0-Q-sXLydgDf4jWgwoaQ1NurSqk79zWqdzfjDZensw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-43974175164414098062011-02-08T21:18:00.000-08:002011-02-08T21:18:55.370-08:00Video: Experiment for Human Performance Rating<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwiPL7TRPsUgNorknxbhNvIC3jazI0ttKdiFHM8TOUAl8QjYyTLIe6t8lip4nMicQYwRoVng2IXutVoPzEPlA' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-5026134769533295832011-02-08T18:36:00.000-08:002011-02-08T18:36:34.773-08:00Video: Experiment for Sound Level Meter<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyITMPuRmg8qmMX4dzdNsPGhUAUZtMU3ECqWGK-yHZbUI4702GGOzY0cufNLkULeGsjUFOYdJbn-d1Y2kNVwA' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-82057912500784996982011-02-08T02:23:00.000-08:002011-02-08T02:23:38.921-08:00Experiment Title: Stop Watch Time Study<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Objective: To determine the standard time of an operation.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Equipment: Product to be assembled, tools for the operation, stopwatch, time <o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>study form and table of allowance.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Procedure: 1. Divide the job into elements.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2. Conduct the stop watch time study and record the results in the <o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>form provided. Record also the observed ratings.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3. If using continuous stop watch method, calculate the elemental <o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>time.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>4. Calculate the number of observations required to achieve 95% <o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>confidence level and ± 5% allowance error.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Formula:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqB842pXf9TtZujegA9H-uvcp-T7GpBVCrU_QjiqHm-uzBH7iJXFW6ahM5X960SWT6-73k_eORlnFuqjWovjb_P0jOPnixFoPd4whOOgLwBDGSBc7fmFWV-3kO-1HpjsS2ldGBtd8m6Cnl/s1600/Untitled2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqB842pXf9TtZujegA9H-uvcp-T7GpBVCrU_QjiqHm-uzBH7iJXFW6ahM5X960SWT6-73k_eORlnFuqjWovjb_P0jOPnixFoPd4whOOgLwBDGSBc7fmFWV-3kO-1HpjsS2ldGBtd8m6Cnl/s1600/Untitled2.png" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"></div><div style="margin-left: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Where N = the number of readings to be determined <o:p></o:p></span></div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>n = the number of readings in taken in preliminary study<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>x = the reading<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>5. Calculate the average rating.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6. Calculate the normal time.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>7. Determine the allowance. (Table 1)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8. Calculate the standard time.<o:p></o:p></span></div><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
<o:p></o:p></span></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-63524337217586552282011-02-08T02:13:00.000-08:002011-02-08T02:13:10.709-08:00Table of Allowance<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Allowance is the extra time added to the normal time to make the time standard practical and attainable.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">There are 3 types of allowances:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Allowance for personal time.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The time an employee is allowed for personal things such as going to the bathroom, getting a drink and other operator-controlled reason for not working.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Fatigue allowance<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The time an employee is allowed for recuperation from fatigue.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Delay allowance<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The time given for unavoidable delays that are beyond the operator’ s control such as waiting for instructions or material, machine breakdown and maintenance.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Table 1 shows the allowance for assembly operation suggested by ILO (International Labor Organisation)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWbSXlSfKQgIjyL8fM33IX_Jpyto3hqBCWaOsF0LfQN8CXNemDWCaE_nBdh-uVcoGhlcEXsCw-u7CIomnUjRtzR4f7yU9eIMSilGuqFQ6H7pEuoAFdPP4d0v9KSliyKOjVRKTVikwd2Pt6/s1600/Untitled1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWbSXlSfKQgIjyL8fM33IX_Jpyto3hqBCWaOsF0LfQN8CXNemDWCaE_nBdh-uVcoGhlcEXsCw-u7CIomnUjRtzR4f7yU9eIMSilGuqFQ6H7pEuoAFdPP4d0v9KSliyKOjVRKTVikwd2Pt6/s1600/Untitled1.png" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: -webkit-auto;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
</span></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-85903257944515927912011-01-25T22:06:00.000-08:002011-01-25T22:06:11.979-08:00Experiment for Rating of Human Performance<div style="margin-left: 1.0in; text-indent: -1.0in;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><b>Introduction</b>: Rating is the numerical value or symbol used to denote a rate of working (BS 3138). Standard rating is the rating corresponding to the average rate at which qualified workers will naturally work, provided that they adhere to the specified method and that they are motivated to apply themselves to their work. If the standard rating is consistently maintained and the appropriate relaxation is taken, a qualified worker will achieve standard performance over the working day or shift. The British Standard rating uses a scale of 0 to no activity and 100 to standard rating. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 1.0in; text-indent: -1.0in;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 1.0in; text-indent: -1.0in;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><b>Objective</b>: <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>To test ability to rate the performance of an operation.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 1.0in; text-indent: -1.0in;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-left: 67.5pt; text-indent: -67.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><b>Equipment</b>: <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Jigs and pins, stopwatch, time study rater trainer form, table of ratings<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 67.5pt; text-indent: -67.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-left: 67.5pt; text-indent: -67.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><b>Procedure</b>:</span></div><div style="margin-left: 67.5pt; text-indent: -67.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span></div><div style="margin-left: 67.5pt; text-indent: -67.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> 1. Use the forms provided for this experiment.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 67.5pt; tab-stops: 67.5pt; text-indent: -4.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Observe the task of assembling pins using two hands.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Measure using stopwatch the time taken to assemble all 30 pins for 10 cycles.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Fill up the forms and calculate the actual rating:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Actual rating = Standard time / Actual time<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Calculate the difference between the actual rating and your rating: </span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> Difference = Actual rating – Your rating<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>OR<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Difference = Your rating – Actual rating<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Calculate the total rating score:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Difference of 5% or less gets 10 points<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Difference of 6% to 10% gets 5 points<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Difference of more than 10% gets 0 point<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-left: 76.5pt; tab-stops: 81.0pt; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Plot the ratings in the graph provided.<o:p></o:p></span></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-30827663569795504992011-01-25T22:01:00.000-08:002011-01-25T22:01:42.151-08:00Work Study Equipment<div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">STOPWATCH</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
</span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXKgqYy6yZqdRcoEGGHF5yuXaOpXQ4YLvmh4lz82IpVNLuJ9bQwx5lQ_eCi-F8xu004ymMucGoB56OTrrUyqQTcbOuI0sdf_-oIOMKcrkLMmJxjoz-rMW8mYeo0MRHqnIcce1lIcn0l5Z_/s1600/Untitled1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXKgqYy6yZqdRcoEGGHF5yuXaOpXQ4YLvmh4lz82IpVNLuJ9bQwx5lQ_eCi-F8xu004ymMucGoB56OTrrUyqQTcbOuI0sdf_-oIOMKcrkLMmJxjoz-rMW8mYeo0MRHqnIcce1lIcn0l5Z_/s320/Untitled1.jpg" width="255" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">stopwatch</span> is the equipment used to measure the amount of time elapsed from a particular time when activated to when it is deactivated. Digital electronics stopwatch is much more accurate than the mechanical stopwatch due to its crystal oscillator timing element. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This digital stopwatch has a jumbo display feature with digits 3/8" high, showing minutes, seconds, and 100ths of seconds. It times up to 30 minutes. It has time-out and accumulation features as well as a start/stop reset button. When it is not in stopwatch mode, it serves as a compact digital clock, showing hours, minutes, seconds, a.m. or p.m., day, and date. It continues to keep accurate time even when using the unit as a stopwatch. So, whenever you leave stopwatch mode, the unit will show the correct time of day. It runs on a single AA battery which will last more than a year. The unobtrusive black high-impact plastic housing is only 3.5" x 2.4" x .63" thick and the unit weighs only 2.5 ounces. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Instructions:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Stop Watch Mode<o:p></o:p></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br />
</span></u></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> 1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Press the mode button once, to reach stop watch mode from normal mode. The icons SU-</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> FR-SA icons will flash when the stopwatch mode activates.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> 2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Activate the elapsed timer by pressing stop/start to start, making the SU-SA icons flash. Stop </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> the timer by pressing start/stop again, making the SU-FR-SA icons flash. Press start/stop to </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> restart, and stop again. Press mode to return to normal mode.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> 3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Activate split time by pressing stop/start to start, making the SU-SA icons flash. Press </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> split/reset to split, making the SU-TH-SA icons flash. Press split/reset to make the split </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> release, making the SU-SA icons flash, and press start/stop again to stop, making the SU-</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> FR-SA icons flash. Press split/reset to reset the display. Press mode to return to normal </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> mode.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> 4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Activate two-competitor timer by pressing the start/stop to start, making the SU-SA icons </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> flash. Press split/reset to split, making the SU-TH-SA icons flash, and press start/stop to stop, </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> making the SU-TH-FR-SA icons flash. Press split/release to make the split release, making </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> the SU-FR-SA icons flash, and press split/release to reset. Press mode to go back to normal </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> mode.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">How to Read??<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
</span></b></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Look at the first two digits on a digital stopwatch. Those numbers represent the minutes used. You can see a digital stopwatch in the picture to the left.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Look at the new two larger numbers after the ":" mark. Those numbers are the seconds used.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Look at the two smaller numbers after the second. Those numbers move much faster because they are the "hundredths of seconds" used.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Combine the number for your full time used. For instance 11:14:01 would be 11 minutes, 14 seconds and 01 hundredths of a second.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Some stopwatches also offer "lap" times in which a second button is pressed to measure each "lap" completed. The numbers are read in the exact same manner, however, you may have more than one time displayed. The picture to the left of this step shows a "lap-enabled digital stopwatch"; the bottom time is a combination of all the laps.<o:p></o:p></span></div><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Time Study Rater Trainer Form</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNsqa3_f5dINCtkB1qKcMqiXJtHC_F9hFvxjmL4zMsedlVgZg-4DCYhBMy7_0XQQLrKNLXhPbK4IAOUo37-mhnueENscH7fnv-kdAdaGA3FSSk_6CkVhclFSqulUifdgh0P88NKYrybtFo/s1600/Untitled2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNsqa3_f5dINCtkB1qKcMqiXJtHC_F9hFvxjmL4zMsedlVgZg-4DCYhBMy7_0XQQLrKNLXhPbK4IAOUo37-mhnueENscH7fnv-kdAdaGA3FSSk_6CkVhclFSqulUifdgh0P88NKYrybtFo/s640/Untitled2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"></div><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The time study rater trainer form is </span><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR;">generally printed form of standard size</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> which is used to record the data from the experiment</span><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR;"> so that the data can be filed neatly for reference as required by a well conducted time study.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The form comprises of 6 columns which are as below:<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Observation No.: the numbers of cycles to be conducted<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Your rating: the given rating according to our observation<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Observation time: the amount of actual observed time to be taken for the task<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Standard time: the amount of standard observed time for the task<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Actual rating: the actual rating according to the table of rating<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Difference: the differences between the actual rating and your rating<o:p></o:p></span></div><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Table of Rating</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxG4At_QP3BU6izT4hfrVTlrFXXiUP8v4t_LqduV0moESlXpUdPgzMtqk00SUTd79LQDzIXBkY63q4JMQnuYjxngNsuoImIJnwWtjQ4QmNO7XnGYZSv7LhQpsjn-Di9cO7OwAVkpo_rW4E/s1600/Untitled3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxG4At_QP3BU6izT4hfrVTlrFXXiUP8v4t_LqduV0moESlXpUdPgzMtqk00SUTd79LQDzIXBkY63q4JMQnuYjxngNsuoImIJnwWtjQ4QmNO7XnGYZSv7LhQpsjn-Di9cO7OwAVkpo_rW4E/s640/Untitled3.jpg" width="450" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"></div><span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR;">Rating is one of the most controversial aspects of time study. It is largely matters of judgement and therefore is a subject of bargaining between management and labor.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> The work study specialist must have some means of assessing the rate of working of the operator he is observing and relating it to normal pace/performance. So, the table of rating is needed to compare the standard rate of operator with the actual rate of operator. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span lang="TR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">All these 3 equipments are used in one of the industrial experiments of the industrial engineering laboratory.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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</span></b>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-9195842283447847062011-01-25T19:51:00.000-08:002011-01-25T19:51:45.150-08:00Experiment for Lux Meter<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b>Introduction <o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">The sun has been our main source of illumination in many aspects of our daily life. However in certain circumstances artificial illumination is used. When an environment involved artificial illumination it is important to make sure that the illumination is designed to give satisfactory illumination level for the user.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Illumination is important because it deals with visibility level, colour and glare. In measuring illumination level, there are several types of quantities units involved. All the quantities are shown in table 1.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnbc32Dhmx3YR3HDPsp3v_y4nL3ZtFNh1POWf9gRsdt-f71r-kwqBXZ1_6vWB2f6nUt5q_inSKRDAY_7P7YP7F6_jQNoi2PKPIrsDibl9x4vlrjsOPUQe0FGrjaGsfZ4rFDf5LhupGraj7/s1600/Untitled7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnbc32Dhmx3YR3HDPsp3v_y4nL3ZtFNh1POWf9gRsdt-f71r-kwqBXZ1_6vWB2f6nUt5q_inSKRDAY_7P7YP7F6_jQNoi2PKPIrsDibl9x4vlrjsOPUQe0FGrjaGsfZ4rFDf5LhupGraj7/s640/Untitled7.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm7dVePr9faOn6S2cMUJ2L2-W7-SNMOjv4IAWajj9SmXOHre8Yotpa8M-_NWfgaSq16Q590RhuOmaUG_oIpP-8BR59OUNCtZmJHTEnog4sGOz1KyJL9k8lr-cfa3xDpAjtbxbM1HGXdxf1/s1600/Untitled8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="452" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm7dVePr9faOn6S2cMUJ2L2-W7-SNMOjv4IAWajj9SmXOHre8Yotpa8M-_NWfgaSq16Q590RhuOmaUG_oIpP-8BR59OUNCtZmJHTEnog4sGOz1KyJL9k8lr-cfa3xDpAjtbxbM1HGXdxf1/s640/Untitled8.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b>Experiment guide<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Case A : with 100% light on in the Industrial Engineering lab</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Measure the light intensity at locations A to F at table height.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Place the sensor facing the light source. Make sure that other group members are kept at a distance from the Lux Meter while measuring.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Select the suitable range, ( 300Lux, 1000Lux, or 3000Lux )</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Case B : with 50% light on :</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>d)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Follow steps (a) to (c)</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Case C :<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Measure outdoors’ light intensity. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>Result Table</b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXRGCaKd1rG8xqOVpSAQGPFGoWxEBP35qQnNsLuOt_04_kyHIGVH4QUqbvqHqaqin7mSHGeiD-zat-UQO5LAbUZ7Ao7VgjYE9VGqlY8g1PYrdMUD5CH5OIJf29p795wYt1A-X4lpTguvEi/s1600/Untitled9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXRGCaKd1rG8xqOVpSAQGPFGoWxEBP35qQnNsLuOt_04_kyHIGVH4QUqbvqHqaqin7mSHGeiD-zat-UQO5LAbUZ7Ao7VgjYE9VGqlY8g1PYrdMUD5CH5OIJf29p795wYt1A-X4lpTguvEi/s640/Untitled9.jpg" width="498" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-14008759778154192032011-01-25T19:37:00.000-08:002011-01-25T19:37:23.193-08:00Lux Meter<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Lux meter is a device that measuring luminous power per area. It will measured the intensity of the light that hit or came across human eyes<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">. </span><span style="color: #232323; font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">A light meter will <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>measures a subject's luminosity by gauging either reflective light or by incident light methods. Light meters measure either reflected light or incident light.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #232323; font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0RlfvIrHHCi-zpREgqw_SX2Ej9JdI5DMKIm5tYXqDX23Z81Bv1LLT_Q9ZCW6s8enLCRUEItuSGhq1xC2grSrPWuVUiKEsGAF99dQJF22BuFuFm8QyrccyftA-CpTB8trwXP9HSQQA1f4I/s1600/Untitled4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0RlfvIrHHCi-zpREgqw_SX2Ej9JdI5DMKIm5tYXqDX23Z81Bv1LLT_Q9ZCW6s8enLCRUEItuSGhq1xC2grSrPWuVUiKEsGAF99dQJF22BuFuFm8QyrccyftA-CpTB8trwXP9HSQQA1f4I/s320/Untitled4.jpg" width="258" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzBKPGBqGSfpF4RL0mHubuHRofkgJX1BcCwZ4vlCBWMyhlF_TWP_MqC4xrcUhkFZ2HW-KHEDwUc3WiZq1COAZah6yijcSjQguKuHKNSGz2wTZ8eYSD3X6L0vZtqhlhdLWEe27TFZe1JGPm/s1600/Untitled5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzBKPGBqGSfpF4RL0mHubuHRofkgJX1BcCwZ4vlCBWMyhlF_TWP_MqC4xrcUhkFZ2HW-KHEDwUc3WiZq1COAZah6yijcSjQguKuHKNSGz2wTZ8eYSD3X6L0vZtqhlhdLWEe27TFZe1JGPm/s640/Untitled5.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #232323; font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX-ytHUQAjmKKMVfc18ikUNgIkSn77SOArSZnMnr3uf4vM1fvDJ4A-mnBMxD32Kt6mZyhokLnDX_7Ioez0NIOT_jTikqnxkYUpXz0OWVmqnzba3ncoqGiqcDcIYJEr98f4WtYUs_sbnlsa/s1600/Untitled6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="540" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX-ytHUQAjmKKMVfc18ikUNgIkSn77SOArSZnMnr3uf4vM1fvDJ4A-mnBMxD32Kt6mZyhokLnDX_7Ioez0NIOT_jTikqnxkYUpXz0OWVmqnzba3ncoqGiqcDcIYJEr98f4WtYUs_sbnlsa/s640/Untitled6.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #232323; font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><br />
</span></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-49606231295334063922011-01-25T19:18:00.000-08:002011-01-25T19:18:56.215-08:00Experiment for Sound Level Meter<div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">1.0 <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>OBJECTIVE:</b><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>DETERMINING THE NOISE LEVEL</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2.0<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EQUIPMENT:</b><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>i)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sound level meter</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>ii)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Controls</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">3.0<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>INTRODUCTION:<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">A sound source radiates power and these results in a sound pressure. In this sense, the sound power is the cause and the sound pressure is the effect. The sound pressure is what we hear. Too high a pressure and prolong exposure will cause hearing damage and stress. Noise is any unwanted sound.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">In ergonomics study – sound level is to be measured in dB(A). This is due to the fact that the A – filter is adapted to the physiology of the human ear. Table 1 shows the effect of noise on man.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTnkSsW9D64_GpxTyNx_H7yQIFx_fFcCgCRc7zzgbol3dgiBS__JvCENqunCBxWVcI3R5owOshSH_8LHS3RVDVLAcTUNTlY0msim3M57Q2WuRi6kiUtSWLRypIY5FpRZ8o1sYiasMC5Wwh/s1600/Untitled1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTnkSsW9D64_GpxTyNx_H7yQIFx_fFcCgCRc7zzgbol3dgiBS__JvCENqunCBxWVcI3R5owOshSH_8LHS3RVDVLAcTUNTlY0msim3M57Q2WuRi6kiUtSWLRypIY5FpRZ8o1sYiasMC5Wwh/s640/Untitled1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"></div><div class="MsoNormal">Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established permissible noise exposure which depends on the duration of exposure shown in Table 2. The exposure to any sound level above 80dB causes the listener to incur a partial dose. If the total daily exposure consist of several partial exposures to different noise levels, then the several partial dose are added to obtain a combined exposure using the following formula:</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">D= 100(C<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1</span>/T<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1</span> + C<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">2</span>/T<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">2</span> +…………… + C<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">n</span>/T<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">n</span>) <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">≤ 100<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Where:<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>D = Noise dose<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>C = Time spent at specified noise level (hours)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>T = Time permitted at specified noise level (hours) (refer Table 2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvtFCFRBRmUd8XXt0ubxAOs9-F_0qJbXeE507_hAZhyphenhyphenRSwdY0rh2-aX5vlRIpM0N8oDJgpEGy2vvwbyGZmgs4zgFtl_TaT_JS9pY3kYBX4a5tgVUuzTgIalCqR6yy_dLZkFvft1-_WNTlo/s1600/Untitled2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvtFCFRBRmUd8XXt0ubxAOs9-F_0qJbXeE507_hAZhyphenhyphenRSwdY0rh2-aX5vlRIpM0N8oDJgpEGy2vvwbyGZmgs4zgFtl_TaT_JS9pY3kYBX4a5tgVUuzTgIalCqR6yy_dLZkFvft1-_WNTlo/s640/Untitled2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">The noise dose is then converted to an 8 hour weighted average (TWA) sound level using the formula:</div><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">TWA = 16.61 log (D/100) + 90</div><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">The TWA is the sound level that would produce a given noise dose if a person is exposure to that sound level continuously over an 8 hour workday. Thus a worker may be working in a safe environment based on the permissible noise exposure (Table 2) but the cumulative effect of this exposure based on TWA may proof otherwise.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">A noise dose of 50<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">%</span> (TWA = 85 dBA) is the action level and 100<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">%</span> (90 dBA) is the permissible exposure level.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">4.0<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EXPERIMENT GUIDE<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">This experiment consists of the measurement of sound level in 3 different environments. In sound level measurement, as a precautionary step, windscreen should always be used when measurements are made outdoor or in very dusty environment, to ensure validity of measurement obtained, two aspects have to be considered;</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">i.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>background noise must be low enough</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">ii.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sound level meter should be held at arm length or mounted on a tripod (to minimize </div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"> disturbances of the sound field due to the operator’s body)</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><o:p> </o:p><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Procedure:</b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><b></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><b> </b>a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Set the Range Selector switch to the appropriate measuring range for the </div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"> proposed measurement.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Set the Detector Response switch as follows;</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> </div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">“Fast”<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>For relatively steady sound levels</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">“Slow”<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>For relatively fluctuating sound levels</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">c)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Select “Man” mode</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">d)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Switch the Power switch to “ON”</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">e)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Note the displayed value</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">f)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Press the Reset button</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">g)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Measure the same sound source for the second time</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">h)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Turn the Power switch “OFF”</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">i)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Go through step (a) to (e) again for 2 other sound sources.</div><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">5.0<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>RESULTS:<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br />
</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKVdvA6X1wDXGu6EM7SfU7AFqXkvE36XTBXDqEh46SwTgEkl6lF3vkWtmzAX-tW4esBZ3177dx4k2M19v_2_3mWRvMJfyfbQeFZhes5DEvKcFWZeeRVUqdNnTkaJkbmupGr9v753bU9E1z/s1600/Untitled3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKVdvA6X1wDXGu6EM7SfU7AFqXkvE36XTBXDqEh46SwTgEkl6lF3vkWtmzAX-tW4esBZ3177dx4k2M19v_2_3mWRvMJfyfbQeFZhes5DEvKcFWZeeRVUqdNnTkaJkbmupGr9v753bU9E1z/s640/Untitled3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br />
</b></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-65632229742270188682011-01-25T18:44:00.000-08:002011-01-25T18:44:06.433-08:00Sound Level Meter<div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #c00000;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #7030a0; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">FUNCTION:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #7030a0; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"></span>A sound level meter is an instrument planned in response to sound around in the same manner like the human ears and provide objective, reproduced to measurements sound pressure level. There much different sound measuring system available. Even though different in detail, each consisting of a microphone system, the processing and read-out unit.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="color: #7030a0; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">SPECIFICATION:</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="color: #7030a0; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">In experiment </span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">that we will do later, the type of sound level meter who we use is the model CENTER 320 series.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">The model specifications are….</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mini Size<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Newly Design Shape<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Low Cost High Performance<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MAX/MIN Function<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Level Range Display<b> </b><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AC Signal Output<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Resolution 0.1 dB <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IEC 651 Type II<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Microphone:</span></b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Electric condenser microphone<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Accuracy:</span></b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> ±1.5 dB ( ref 94dB @1KHz )<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Level Range:</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Low = 35 ~ 80 dB<br />
Medium = 50 ~ 100 dB<br />
High = 80 ~ 130 dB<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Frequency Weighting:</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
A , C<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Time Weighting:</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Fast , Slow<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Auxiliary Outputs:</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <br />
AC Signal Output<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dynamic Range:</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
50 dB<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Frequency Range:</span></b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 31.5Hz to 8KHz<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Battery Type:</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
9V Battery NEDA 1604, IEC 6F22, JIS 006P<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Battery Life:</span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
50 hours ( with alkaline battery )<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Operation Temp.:</span></b><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
0ºC~ 40ºC (<80% R.H.)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Storage Temp.:</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
-10ºC~ 60ºC (<70% R.H.)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dimension:</span></b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <br />
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 232mm x 54mm x 34mm ( 9.1" x 2.1" x 1.3" )<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Weight:</span></b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Approx. 200g<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #e36c0a; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Accessories:</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Manual, 9V Battery, Calibration Screwdriver, Windscreen<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="color: #7030a0; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">USER MANUAL:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><span class="hps"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></span><span class="hps"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Methods for using that the instrument we will be explain in procedures experiment later.</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -1.0in;"><span style="color: #7030a0; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DATA:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From the instrument, the data that we can obtain is Noise level in a unit dBA and from it, we can get</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> permissible time of expose (hour) from OSHA table and effect of noise pressure to human.<o:p></o:p></span></div><br />
<div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #c00000; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><br />
</span></div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2044027580098009206.post-13101034167067948842011-01-25T18:33:00.000-08:002011-01-25T18:33:15.724-08:00Introduction of Work Study<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b>What is ‘Work Study’?</b><br />
<b></b>According to the British Standard Institution, work study is a systematic examination of activities in order to improve the effective use of human and other material resource. In work study there is three assumptions in work study which are :</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> a)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>There is always more than one method to do a task or a job. </div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> b)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Solving problem through scientific methods is better than other method and the</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> c)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Work can be measured in time unit.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Work study can be derived into two components :</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0VdPP9_JXwOgIV33Kif-PZGKnoaOr95L-UGlX5zXJ2uXed5FvZxfffgp1kbyR-NqznVr34aFHwplhS2cMsrBIDWccJCb7ObLWx6zOjPNWDxxIhPeBTD_NgpiLGtPWN8Rp_7xxlQWO9qp6/s1600/Untitled.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="374" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0VdPP9_JXwOgIV33Kif-PZGKnoaOr95L-UGlX5zXJ2uXed5FvZxfffgp1kbyR-NqznVr34aFHwplhS2cMsrBIDWccJCb7ObLWx6zOjPNWDxxIhPeBTD_NgpiLGtPWN8Rp_7xxlQWO9qp6/s640/Untitled.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">The objective of work study is to find the best and most efficient way of using the available resources such as men, material and machinery. In other words, to produce the high quality production in the best minimum possible time. The time required to produce a product is depends on the manufacturing procedure and method study aims at finding the best possible manufacturing procedure which involves least time and does not cause fatigue to the workers.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Method study is one of principal techniques by which work content in the product manufacture or process could be decreased and according to the British Standard Institution method study is a systematic recording and critical examination of ways of doing a job in order to make improvement. This can be achieved by eliminating or reduce the unnecessary movement of the workers. It can be done by combining the operations, or by changing the sequence of the operations to simplify the whole operation system in order to save men energy, sources and material involved.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">By applying method study, the work measurement is the next important steps to find out the time required to complete the operations. Work measurement is useful to find out the time allowed to complete the job using the selected method. Work measurement is defined by British Standard Institution as the application techniques designed to find out the time for the qualified worker to carry out a task at the defined rate of working. The time resulted from the measurement is normalized and converted into standard time and work method is called standard method.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b>What are the advantages of ‘Work Study’ ? <o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">There is four major advantages of work study which are :</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"> a)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Higher productive efficiency.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"> b)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Create better employee-employer relations.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"> c)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Provide better service to customers.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"> d)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Provide better working conditions to the employee and employer.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b>What are the advantages that can be obtain from ‘Method Study’ ?<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Method study are useful to :</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> a)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Improved working processes and standardized procedures.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> b)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Create better work place layout which is more neat and clean environments and working conditions.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> c)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Reduce fatigue to the operators.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> d)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Produce better product quality.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> e)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Bring out the effective used of men, materials and machinery.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b>What are the advantages that can be obtain from ‘Work Measurement’ ?<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Work measurement are important to :</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"> a)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Determine the time required to do a job which the time obtain will be compared to alternative method and define the fastest method.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"> b)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Determine the resources required, budgeting and costing for a job.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"> c)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Provides information for effective production planning and maintenance procedures.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"> d)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Aids in calculating exact delivery dates.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"> e)<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> </span>Provides a basis for fair and sound incentive schemes.</div>industrial engineering lab (UTM)http://www.blogger.com/profile/11890185751652585100noreply@blogger.com0